Based on expectations and life experience, addiction recovery means different things to different people
This post is reprinted with permission from one of TreatmentMagazine.com’s go-to blogs about addiction, treatment and recovery: Recovery Review.
By William Stauffer
There was this thing going around the internet a few years ago called “the Dress.” Millions of people around the world saw it and chimed in on what color they perceived the dress to be. It has its own Wikipedia reference. People either see a black and blue dress, or a white and gold dress. There were even studies done on how the human brain may process color differently. One article identified that it may have to do with a lifetime of sleep/wake patterns. Early-rising larks (like me) may be more likely to interpret an ambiguous image as being lit by the short-wavelength light they’re used to seeing and thus more likely to see the dress as white and gold. Late-night owls should have a tendency to assume long-wavelength, artificial lighting, and would thus see the dress as black and blue. For the record, I see it clearly as a white and gold dress. So we may be subtly influenced by a lifetime of experience on how our eyes gather light.
It is so analogous to a lot of things in our world today, including recovery. The difference is that what we “see” when we think of recovery is all the associations we have with that word. What we see is influenced by our own experiences. For me, it was a lifesaving process that helped me redefine my life in ways that I honestly believe led me to be a better version of who I am as a person. The journey has shaped me in ways I don’t think I would have had in any other way. What is called in the literature post-traumatic growth, or as what researcher Dr. David Best terms “better than well.”
I often hear the assertion that recovery is defined by the individual, which empowers the individual but may not be particularly useful in respect to developing care frameworks to increase access to it.
It is also about what we assume about others when we hear the word. Some believe recovery means being absent of all medications; others do not feel this way. Many believe it is a process that includes more than abstinence from all misuse of drugs; others see it as any movement towards wellness. I often hear the assertion that recovery is defined by the individual, which empowers the individual but may not be particularly useful in respect to developing care frameworks to increase access to it. I even hear a groundswell of voices that the word has become so tainted that it should be dispensed with entirely. The defining of recovery is a contentious space.
Perhaps we would make progress if we saw recovery like the dress discussed above. While I see a gold and white dress, I understand that there is a phenomenon occurring that results in a markedly different visual experience of what people see. I don’t think that a person is bad or evil if they see a black and blue dress or make some other value judgment on them if they see it differently than I do (which unfortunately does seem to happen with how we view recovery). There are differences in how we perceive things both visually and experientially. Let’s figure out a way to honor that.
We do require some level of categorization of what recovery is and proper language to discuss it so as to avoid additional confusion or to falsely attribute what we think people are saying because of imprecise language. I experience challenges due to the imprecision of our recovery definition language. I agree with what Austin Brown said in his thoughtful post “Reflections on Current Debates Regarding Recovery Definitions.” He notes that we need a scientific definition of recovery, but that great care must be taken to center such a definition around how survivors of addiction view themselves. Like the dress, we have varied views, and a viable definition of recovery must encapsulate lived recovery views in ways that make sense for all of us. Challenging but possible.
It may also help us to develop a framework for categorizing the healing process on a continuum.
You may say it does not matter. Bill White has written over the years about the importance of the debate over how we define recovery. Here is one article, and here is another. He notes that a lot rides on how we define recovery, what gets in and what gets left out. Austin Brown noted in the piece linked above that the opioid crisis brought a lot money and interest into the recovery space, and that simply being an expert in a medical realm does not make someone an authority on recovery. Dr. David McCartney wrote a piece called “You’re All Going to Hate the Word ‘Recovery.’” I agree with his statement in his piece: “The point, I suppose, is that it is not possible to have a reliable single tool that measures recovery. Recovery is a complex process and it’s not fundamentally a clinical journey, but a social one and doesn’t fit under the microscope easily.”
I am not going to pitch a new definition of recovery here. I respect what anyone has to say about their own recovery. In the same breath, we don’t define cancer remission scientifically based on individual perception. It has an accepted classification that is subject to change as we learn new things about it. Cancer as a pathology is very different from recovery, but both must be grounded in science. Perhaps we could start with encapsulating the experiences of all persons who have resolved a substance use disorder (SUD) to establish a framework based on our collective lived experience. We could start by asking each other what we see and why we see it that way rather than filling the word with our own associations and making false assumptions of what others see.
To better conceptualize recovery, we may want to reconsider how we define SUDs. As my colleague Jason Schwartz argues, we should consider returning to conceptualizing addiction as a different kind of problem SUD instead of degree of severity. There are differences in respect to low to moderate SUDs, in comparison to severe SUDs. It may also help us to develop a framework for categorizing the healing process on a continuum. Our nomenclature around flourishing in resolving a mild or moderate form of an SUD may vary significantly from recovery from a severe SUD.
So, what is the recovery you see, and how much room do you have to accommodate the recovery you don’t see? Is there hope for common ground established in such a way as to sustain common identity and goals while honoring our different experiences?
This Recovery Review post is by William Stauffer, who has been executive director of Pennsylvania Recovery Organization Alliance (PRO-A), the statewide recovery organization of Pennsylvania. He is in long-term recovery since age 21 and has been actively engaged in public policy in the recovery arena for most of those years. He is also an adjunct professor of Social Work at Misericordia University in Dallas, Pa. Find more of his writing, as well as a thought-provoking range of articles, insights and expert opinions on treatment and addiction at RecoveryReview.blog.
Photo: Chase Clark
